Abstract NOEs between the β-protons of cysteine residues across disulfide bonds in proteins provide direct information on the connectivities and conformations of these important cross-links, which are otherwise difficult to investigate. With conventional [U-13C, 15N]-proteins, however, fast spin diffusion processes mediated by strong dipolar interactions between geminal β-protons prohibit the quantitative measurements and thus the analyses of long-range NOEs across disulfide bonds. We describe a robust approach for alleviating such difficulties, by using proteins selectively labeled with an equimolar mixture of (2R, 3S)-[β-13C; α,β-2H2] Cys and (2R, 3R)-[β-13C; α,β-2H2] Cys, but otherwise fully deuterated. Since either one of the prochiral methylene protons, namely β2 (proS) or β3 (proR), is always replaced with a deuteron and no other protons remain in proteins prepared by this labeling scheme, all four of the expected NOEs for the β-protons across disulfide bonds could be measured without any spin diffusion interference, even with long mixing times. Therefore, the NOEs for the β2 and β3 pairs across each of the disulfide bonds could be observed at high sensitivity, even though they are 25% of the theoretical maximum for each pair. With the NOE information, the disulfide bond connectivities can be unambiguously established for proteins with multiple disulfide bonds. In addition, the conformations around disulfide bonds, namely Ï?2 and Ï?3, can be determined based on the precise proton distances of the four β-proton pairs, by quantitative measurements of the NOEs across the disulfide bonds. The feasibility of this method is demonstrated for bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, which has three disulfide bonds.
Content Type Journal Article
Category Article
Pages 1-13
DOI 10.1007/s10858-011-9587-0
Authors
Mitsuhiro Takeda, Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
Tsutomu Terauchi, Center for Priority Areas, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-ohsawa, Hachioji, 192-0397 Japan
Masatsune Kainosho, Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
A rigid disulfide-linked nitroxide side chain simplifies the quantitative analysis of PRE data
A rigid disulfide-linked nitroxide side chain simplifies the quantitative analysis of PRE data
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Conformational analysis by quantitative NOE measurements of the β-proton pairs across individual disulfide bonds in proteins
Linear Mode
